Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

Under the rule of Sigismund III, the Commonwealth grew substantially. With the Treaty of Podolsk, Smolensk would be annexed and Sigismund’s son, Vladislav would become the Tsar of Russia. By 1614, Sweden was defeated and forced to submit to the terms of the Treaty of Reval. In the upcoming years, Sigismund would focus on internal politics until the Moldavian Magnate War. This war would result in the Act of Moldavian Homage, subjugating the Principality under the Commonwealth and eventually the Treaty of Küstanje, which proved fatal for the Ottoman Empire. Prussia was subdued in the Polish-Brandenburgian War, which also ended in a Polish victory. The Cossacks proved to be one final challenge for the by now aging Sigismund III.